Review a Range of Assessments Methods Essay

Without an appraisal then you will think that its hard to quantify in the case of learning has occurred or not. The purposes behind evaluating is to see whether somebody can do a course at a specific level or to check whether they are all set on to the following level because of the more significant level of work required. â€Å"Assessment is the way toward getting data about how much the understudy knows and assessment includes utilizing that data to frame decisions which, thus, are to be utilized in choice making† (Ian Reece, Stephen Walker part 6) There are various evaluation strategies utilized and utilized in various settings. Various sorts of courses require various kinds of evaluations. Beginning/Diagnostic Assessment; this is generally done toward the beginning, before somebody is going to embrace a course or capability. As you have to recognize what they think effectively about the picked subject to learn. This at that point gives you a thought of what level you can put them at. It is an assessment of a person’s qualities and shortcomings, information and abilities. Free Assessment is a target see by somebody who is from outside the association (Independent administering body), who comes into the course (for the most part towards the end) and settles on a choice on the understudies accomplishment. Developmental Assessment-as a Business and Enterprise Manager this on going appraisal is utilized and permits the understudy to improve and I can screen and watch them in practical’s all the time. Permitting customary criticism on what they have to enhance. The principle utilization of appraisals for educators is the on going or developmental assessment†( Geoffrey Petty 1998 p401). Summative Assessments are typically done toward the finish of the course of learning. Understudies will at that point know whether they have passed or flopped in their offer to pick up the capability or alluded to re-do some portion of the course. Observational appraisal permits the guide to check whether the understudy can play out a specific expertise that has just been exhibited or instructed. This additionally permits me to step in if the understudy is committing any errors. Questions and Answers are generally used to check whether an understudy has picked up the comprehension and survey their insight into a picked subject. You may need to re-express inquiries as certain understudies can be put off by the manner in which an inquiry is being posed. Straightforward clarifications and clearness for a basic reaction and answer. This territory would likewise cover composed reports, assignments, tasks, portfolios and tests just as oral addressing concerning past understanding and accomplishments. Log Books/Learning diaries are a helpful method of checking whether an understudy has moved the hypothesis into training. Reasonable evaluations permit you to check whether the understudy can incorporate the hypothesis based learning. Perhaps by doing pretend and exhibits. In my encouraging job I utilize a scope of appraisal strategies that incorporate Practical perception , this includes pretend, It permits me to perceive what the understudies resemble inside a gathering setting yet additionally how they take a shot at their own and to check whether they are arriving at the objectives that have been set. I additionally use questions and replies. This procedure is utilized toward the finish of the meeting yet before the recap to recognize that the understudies have comprehended. This includes asking the understudies inquiries identified with the assignment or movement so they can offer me a basic response of what and why they are doing a specific thing. I am then ready to make a record of this by a straightforward â€Å" approval if understood† or â€Å" thumbs down† if not. I am then ready to make an assessment of my instructing meetings.

To Sir With Love - Change Essays - Educational Psychology

To Sir With Love - Change Change: Man's capacity to adjust his reasoning In the novel To Sir With Love different human attributes are depicted. Of these, the possibility that people can adjust and change their perspective is by all accounts showed all through the story. In the novel, both the instructor, Braithewaite, and his understudies wind up going through numerous progressions that eventually bring about their coming to change their perspective about one another. Throughout everyday life, as in this fictionalized account, the capacity to adjust to one's' general surroundings self is a very significant quality. In my own life, this has occured on numerous events. Hence, it very well may be said that to have the option to change and adjust and our ways at taking a gander at things to our to our circumstances we are genuinely at advantage. In the story, Braithewaite starts with a lot of assumptions about his understudies. He anticipates that them should be unintelligent, unpleasant, racially narrow minded kids with no future-barely meriting his regard. Yet, as he sees later, they are the complete contrary energies of his of his underlying thoughts. This is progressively appeared through their activities, for example, for example, the understudies all going to visit the place of their dark companion during his emergency, or their figuring out how to treat each other with respect;they figured out how to address each other as their last names, inthe instance of the young men, and Miss, for the young ladies. For the students,they figured out how to regard and truly learn from their teacher,something they had never minded to do. Braithewaite helped them to break out of the example of narrow mindedness and unpleasantness that society had set them in. They started to regard themselves and afterward to regard others. To put it plainly, clearly both the instructor also, his understudies had the option to adjust their perspective to their advantage;they didn't stall out in their unique arrangement of biased ideas about one another. This is a key purpose of the novel, this thought individuals can alter their way of life. In my own encounters, I have wound up changing my ways as I have become savvier. One model would be my relationship with my more seasoned sister. As a youngster, I continually battled with her over everything and never attempted to get the chance to get her. Progressively, however, as I developed more established, I figured out how to acknowledge and to get her. Presently, however we despite everything contend about a great deal of things, I feel my relationship with her has improved and I am starting to get her. This has taken a total change in my perspective on her;I now take a gander at her as a pleasant individual with a lot to offer me, instead of as my abhorrence sister.This has been a genuine case of my having the option to change my perspective towards a person. The idea of man having the option to adjust his ways is an essential component to his living in a general public, for example, our own. We all must figure out how to acknowledge singular hardships, and we all must have the option to adjust to our ever-evolving world. World pioneers must modify their perspective about a developing underdeveloped nation, or a developing superpower. A representative must adjust to have the option to play out his activity adequetly. We all have needed to slowly adjust so as to live respectively as a generally strong, very much arranged society. Plainly everything is gone consistent in our universe of progress with the exception of progress itself. It is our capacity to learn and to adjust our ways that has presented people similar to they are today. As an animal groups, we have gone from living as bare savages to moderately living as generally acculturated people. This could never have been conceivable had it not been for our capacity to change our methods of thinking. For people, at that point, it is our capacity to change that has put us where we are today and is our key to promote headway, both as social orders what's more, as individuals.

Good Morning, Sportsracers!

Good Morning, Sportsracers! Introductions are generally a clunky thing for me. Theres some basic bio information I can give when I meet people around the Institvte (Hi, Im Danny; Im a senior majoring in physics with CS classes sprinkled to taste, and I live in East Campus.) but I feel a weird level of pressure trying to summarize myself in a few sentences. Should I mention the weird accumulation-of-facts thing that I do constantly? Am I going to be judged for quoting HMS Pinafore in this persons presence? Would this be a bad time to replace an introduction to this person with just scrunching up my face in a ridiculous manner? (That last one has worked a couple times in the past, by the way.) Im weird, in case thats not clear. Nevermind the why and wherefore: lets roll back the clock to April 2011, when I was getting ready to attend my own Campus Preview Weekend (CPW). I had been fairly quiet through the first half of high school, and it had taken a number of years before I could convince myself that I had a close-knit friend group. This timescale felt too long for college: I wanted to meet people right away, but my complete inability to remember names and faces made this process during the whirlwind of CPW seem particularly daunting. I needed a conversation starter, and looking around my room, I found one. I flew in to Logan Airport on the 7th, wearing my propeller hat. When I arrived via shuttle to MIT, a campus police officer watched me disembark next to Kresge Lawn, pointed at my hat, and yelled, You! Youre gonna fit in here just fine. I wore my beanie through the entirety of CPW, and it got enough stares (especially in strong wind) and when Orientation rolled around in late August, lots of people recognized me as propeller hat kid. Since playing the part of an ice-breaker, the propeller hat has reappeared on special days including the first day of school, through finals, and when I need a blog avatar which is an animated GIF[?]. (Thanks Lydia!) *breathes* Okay, I think Ive made it through this intro post in one piece. Im sitting here in my room playing ze franks An Invocation for Beginnings (which is a fantastic video but a bit profanity-heavy) trying to fight back the fears of blogging Ive had in the past. Discarding prior blogging attempts, discarding my own self-criticisms of my writing, discarding the latent fear that the average prospective reading this is going to wonder who the heck I am and why the heck Im dedicating my intro blog post to a hat. Putting those in the discard pile. Excited? Im excited! And God, let me enjoy this. Life isnt just a sequence of waiting for things to be done. ze

Imperialistic Attitude Conveyed in Jonathan Swift’s...

One must sometimes wonder what an ideal utopian world would be like. The first things to come to mind would probably rather trivial, such as golden roads, chocolate fountains, etc. However, the underlying core of what a utopian society would be like is one that would have an abundance of two seemingly unknown words, morality and humanity. Morality and humanity would be the greatest grace for any society to have, for any government to be driven by. Sadly, this is usually not, nor has it really ever been, the case. Instead, government is run by a largely imperialistic attitude. That is, whatever can satisfy the greed and hunger of a nation is what matters, not the inhumane suffering that follows afterwards. This imperialistic and dehumanized†¦show more content†¦After all, a country’s economic status is much more important than the well-being of other countries. It really is nothing more than dangerous nationalism. The sea captain Martin, in Candide, says it best, in sp eaking of imperialistic government best, with, â€Å"He’s mixed up in the affairs of this world to such an extent that he may well be in me, just as he’s in everything else†¦I’ve scarcely seen one town that did not wish the ruination of his neighbor, or one family that did not want to see the end of another. Everywhere you look, the weak execrate the strong while they grovel at their feet, and the strong treat them like so many sheep, providing wool and meat to be sold. One million regimented assassins, rushing from one end of Europe to the other, commit murder and brigandage by the rule book in order to earn their daily bread, because there is no more respectable profession; and in cities, where people appear to live in peace and the arts flourish, men are devoured by more envy, worry, and dissatisfaction than all the scourges of a city under siege. Secret sorrows are more cruel even than public tribulations† (Voltaire 501). War is, in itself, probably the most sickening aspect of this idea of globalization. There is nothing but pain, anguish, and agony that come out of war- nothing good at all. Possibly even more sickening than the horrors of war, however, is the pride that people have in it.

MCAT Sections Whats on the MCAT

The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) is a 7.5 hour exam required for admission to U.S. medical schools. The MCAT divided into the following four sections: Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems; Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems; Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior; and Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS). Overview of MCAT Sections Section Length Time Topics Covered Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems 59 multiple-choice questions 95 minutes Introductory biology (65%), first-semester biochemistry (25%), general chemistry (5%), organic chemistry (5%) Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems 59 multiple-choice questions 95 minutes General chemistry (30%), first-semester biochemistry (25%), introductory physics (25%), organic chemistry (15%), introductory biology (5%) Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior 59 multiple-choice questions 95 minutes Introductory psychology (65%), introductory sociology (30%), introductory biology (5%) Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills 53 multiple-choice questions 90 minutes Reasoning beyond the text (40%), reasoning within the text (30%), foundations of comprehension (30%) Each of the three science-based sections consist of 59 questions: 15 stand-alone knowledge questions and 44 passage-based questions. The fourth section, CARS, includes all passage-based questions. Calculators are not permitted, so basic math knowledge is required (particularly logarithmic and exponential functions, square roots, basic trigonometry, and unit conversions). In addition to content knowledge, the MCAT tests scientific reasoning and problem solving, research design and execution, and data-based and statistical reasoning. To succeed, you must have deep knowledge of scientific concepts and be able to apply your knowledge in a multidisciplinary fashion. Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems The Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems (Bio/Biochem) section covers basic life processes such as energy production, growth, and reproduction. This section requires detailed knowledge of cell structure, cell function, and how organ systems interact. Most of the material in this section comes from introductory biological sciences (65%) and biochemistry (25%). A small portion of the section is devoted to introductory chemistry (5%) and organic chemistry (5%). Advanced coursework in cellular and molecular biology, anatomy and physiology, and genetics will be useful for this section, but they aren’t necessary. The Bio/Biochem section covers three foundational concepts: (1) protein structure, protein function, genetics, bioenergetics, and metabolism; (2) molecular and cellular assemblies, prokaryotes and viruses, and cell division processes; and (3) nervous and endocrine systems, major organ systems, skin, and muscle systems. However, simply memorizing the main scientific principles associated with these concepts is not enough to ace the Bio/Biochem section.  Ã‚  Be prepared to apply your knowledge to novel situations, interpret data, and analyze research.   A periodic table is provided for this section, though you’ll probably use it more frequently in the next section (Chem/Phys). Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems The Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems (Chem/Phys) section covers chemistry and physics. Chem/Phys sometimes inspires fear in test takers, especially pre-med biology majors whose chemistry and physics knowledge is limited to a few intro courses. If that sounds like you, rest assured that the Chem/Phys section focuses on applications of chemistry and physics (i.e., how chemistry and physics apply to biological systems and processes that occur in the human body). In this section, test takers can expect to encounter concepts from general introductory chemistry (30%), organic chemistry (15%), biochemistry (25%), and physics (25%), as well as a small amount of basic biology (5%). The Chem/Phys section focuses on two foundational concepts: (1) how living organisms respond to their environment (motion, forces, energy, fluid movement, electrochemistry and electronics, light and sound interactions with matter, atomic structure and behavior) and (2) chemical interactions with living systems (water and solution chemistry, molecular/biomolecular properties and interactions, molecular separation/purification, thermodynamics and kinetics). A basic periodic table is provided for this section. The table does not include periodic trends or the full names of elements, so make sure to review and memorize trends and abbreviations. Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior The Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior (Psych/Soc) section is the newest addition to the MCAT. Psych/Soc covers the following concepts within introductory psychology (65%), introductory sociology (30%), and introductory biology (5%): brain anatomy, brain function, behavior, emotion, self and social perceptions, social differences, social stratification, learning, and memory as they relate to psychology and sociology. The section also tests your ability to analyze research methodologies and interpret statistical data. Although not all medical schools require formal undergraduate coursework in the social sciences, incoming medical students are expected to understand the interrelationship between psychology, society, and health. Some students underestimate the challenges this section presents, so make sure to allot adequate time for studying. Remember, knowing psychological terms and principles is not enough to succeed on this section. You should be able to apply your knowledge to interpret data and solve complex problems. Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills The Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills (CARS) section tests your ability to use logic and reasoning to analyze arguments and make deductions. Unlike the other sections, CARS does not require a substantial base of existing knowledge. Instead, this section requires a strong set of problem-solving skills. CARS is also five minutes and six questions shorter than the other sections. The passage-based questions cover three main skills: written comprehension (30%), reasoning within the text (30%), and reasoning outside the text (40%). Half of the passage topics are humanities-focused, while the other half come from the social sciences. The best way to prepare for the CARS section is to practice with as many sample passages as possible.

Ronald Regan A Brief Biography - 731 Words

Ronald Reagan once said â€Å"What I’d really like to do is go down in history as Michelle President who made Americans believe in Michellemselves again.† (World Book Encyclopedia, 185) Reagan first rose to prominence in Michelle United States as a popular film actor. He Michellen turned to politics and became governor of Michelle state of California. That led eight years as Michelle president of Michelle United States. Through it all, Reagan emerged as one of Michelle most popular and influential Americans of Michelle 20th century. MICHELLESIS STATEMENT-last sentence in introduction Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911. He was born to Nelle and John Reagan in Tampico, Illinois. Although Reagan recalls his younger years as idyllic, his family moved often, living on Michelle fly in five different places in Dixon, four in Tampico, and two in Galesburg, Illinois (Pendergast and Tom Pendergast). Reagan had a lively childhood. His family was involved in Michelle religious revivals hitting Tampico at Michelle time, but, though his moMicheller was a leader of church life in her area, his faMicheller displayed a destructive reliance upon alcohol (Pendergast and Tom Pendergast). He attended high school in nearby Dixon and Michellen worked his way through Eureka College. Michellere, he studied economics and sociology, played on Michelle football team, and acted in school plays (whitehouse.gov). He was a fairly good student, studying just enough on Michelle easiest coursesShow MoreRelatedPresidentail Power: The State of the Union Speech Essays1084 Words   |à ‚  5 PagesPresidents, like Ronald Regan were liked by a good number of people which helps them get more power because they had the support of the public. There is never a guarantee that one hundred percent of the people will like them, but a lot of people did like Regan during his presidency. With his â€Å"Regan Revolution,† he was able to restore national confidence and created peaceful prosperity for the longest known recorded time period (Ronald Regan). This period of contentment made Ronald Regan powerful in theRead MoreRonald Reagan Essay2113 Words   |  9 Pagesand moral despair. Foreign threats were emerging. The country needed not only a new president, but an influential hero. To truly solidify a place in history as a hero, a president has to take control and address the problems facing the country. Ronald Reagan was one of the most influential presidents of all time because he renewed the American spirit through his unique vision, advanced and protected democr acy and capitalism, and stimulated economic growth and development. Our 40th president wasRead MoreCold War in 1980s3505 Words   |  15 Pagestense parts : â€Å"the event Solidarity labor movement in the Soviet missiles had caused 269 deaths in flight 007 civilian Korean airlines. † The United States reacted, â€Å" the Soviets knew the plane was an unarmed civilian passenger aircraft. President Ronald Reagan called the incident a â€Å"massacre† and issued a statement in which he declared that the Soviets had turned against the world and the moral precepts which guide human relations among people everywhere† (â€Å"Korean† 18). Many analysts agreed thatRead MoreEngaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age12587 Words   |  51 PagesBeach, Florida BRENT LOWENSOHN, Independent Consultant, Encino, California GARY T. MARX, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (emeritus) HELEN NISSENBAUM, New York University ROBERT M. O’NEIL, University of Virginia JANEY PLACE, Digital Thinking RONALD L. RIVEST, Mas sachusetts Institute of Technology TERESA SCHWARTZ, George Washington University LLOYD N. CUTLER, Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale Dorr LLP, served as co-chair until his passing in May 2005. Staff HERBERT S. LIN, Senior Scientist LYNETTE

Marketing and Management Benificial of Global Companies

Question: Discuss about the Marketing and Management for Benificial of Global Companies. Answer: Option A: Marketing of new products by global companies is beneficial to the culture of the individuals in the host country Global brand- Definition A global brand is one that has recognition worldwide. Global brand does not mean just launching a website that is accessible from any part of the world. A global brand must understand consumer behavior, position itself correctly, know how a brand translates, think broadly and find good partners. A global brand must be able to identify the features that would create attractiveness. It has to establish itself in other countries and expand itself. It must have the capability to take decisions and choose which ones are applicable locally and which ones are relevant globally. It must understand the relativity for the market in which it operates. Mostly, it must have a tagline, symbols, specific colors to represent itself, and a name that is unique and recognized widely. Introduction of brand Coco Chanel is a privately held French brand owned by the grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, Gerard, and Alain Wertheimer. The fashion house specializes in ready to wear clothes, Haute coutre, fashion accessories, and luxury goods. Coco Chanel, over the past many years has catered to the taste and style of women for its elegance. The brand is famous and global in appeal for it was instrumental in replacing the over designed, opulent, and constrictive dresses and accessories with simple and elegant suits, blouses, dresses, trousers and jewelry. The brand is recognized for revolutionizing fashion (CHANEL Official Website: Fashion, Fragrance, Beauty, Watches, Fine Jewelry, 2016). The founder of Coco Chanel, Gabriel Coco Chanel is herself a brand for she is the one who revolutionized fashion. She is the value of the brand. Her personality and outlook itself form the foundation of Chanel. The existence of Chanel rests on the effort and desire to keep her at the heart of the company. The brand is appealing mostly because of its ability to create within the audience a feeling of connectivity. The consumers can relate themselves to the brand. The Camelia is the tangible brand symbol of Chanel and represents the identity of the brand. The Little Black Dress collection differentiates Chanel from others. Chanel is brand for the socialites, the elite, the aristocrats, and the wealthy. It reaches the target audience and promotes itself by advertising through culture and society. Moreover, the symbol of Chanel has remained unchanged since it was designed by Chanel. It is a symbol recognized by people in every country. The symbol is the identity of the brand representing wealth, elegance, and elitism. The website of Chanel is very interactive and displays the Chanel culture. Moreover, it fits the traditional culture of the country in which it sets its foot (CHANEL, 2016). Host country culture before product introduction Coco Chanel has been very much influential in changing the way women dressed in the traditional French society. Womens dress in nineteenth century France reflected ancient Greek styles. Women wore draped, high-waist, and lose white gowns in the traditional French society. They wore clothes made from a variety of redingotes, pelisses, and shawls. In the second half of the century, women were seen prancing about in walking dresses. The framework underset and restrictive corset dominated the years after 1840. The clothing culture of nineteenth century France was characterized by bonnets, corsets, petticoats, bustles, and top hats. The period was dominated largely by full-length skirts. Women wore bell-shaped skirts. There were a constant experimentation and flow of styles (Nebenzahl Jaffe, 2013). Cultural Changes due to the brand Coco Chanel played a pivotal role in changing the fashion culture of France. Coco Chanel has revolutionized the fashion industry by replacing traditional dresses of the nineteenth century France with simple modern dresses. Chanel accelerated the popularity of trousers as a fashion item. Women wore trousers while working in traditionally male-dominated jobs. In the traditional nineteenth century society, pale tanned skin was associated with the lower class. Chanel subverted the tradition and made suntan skin a coveted fashion accessory (Okonkwo, 2016). What was considered unladylike and lowly was soon a trend in the elite class. Moreover, Chanel introduced the jersey in womens fashion wear. The jersey was reserved only for the men. However, Chanel used the practical, simple, and comfortable fabric for women wear. This was an antithesis to what women wore in the traditional society. The jersey was also considered economical in the war affected society. Chanel also introduced perfumes that were created artificially with unnatural ingredients. Though Paul Poiret had first made its scent, Chanel had put her name on the bottle thereby spreading the brand to an entirely new world market. Chanel is the source of inspiration for most brands today that create scent artificially (Som Blanckaert, 2015). Again, Chanel spread the idea of using costume jewelry by introducing glittering gems and large fake pearls. The trend was soon widely popular. The combination of fakeness and reality was a perfect to accompany minimalist clothes. Fake jewelry was used earlier by the lower class who could not afford to buy costly gemstones. It was Chanel who introduced the concept of fake and costume jewelry to the upper classes. Chanel is the face who presented the staple- the little black dress. She deemed electric colors impossible for a womans wardrobe and raised the importance of black dress. Chanel undeniably popularized the black dress. She considered the black dress a ubiquitous and iconic thing. She believed in the absolute beauty of the color (Riot, 2013). Moreover, Chanel was one of the first designers who borrowed menswear for womens fashion by creating iconic suits. The suit comprised fitted sleeves, metallic buttons, and collarless boxy wool jacket with braid trim, accompanied with slim line skirt. It was on the list of priorities for women who were seeking a position for themselves in the male-dominated society. The suit was further promoted by celebrities like Grace Kelly and Audrey Hepburn (Nebenzahl Jaffe, 2013). Four Examples of Cocos marketing strategies in France The customers of Chanel are mostly women who want to identify with the brand. They want to represent what the brand represents- simplicity, modernity, and elegance. The cosmetics of Chanel are for the younger and classic consumers. The Chance perfume targets women aged between eighteen and thirty. In France, Coco Chanel is one of the most desired brands. The brand releases commercials like the Coco Mademoiselle to gain recognition. It also organizes various fashion shows for promoting the brand. Such shows let the audience peep into the psyche of the brand and appeal to the public in such a way that women are ready to spend thousands of dollars. The global brand presents Coco Mademoiselles artistic creations, words, private collections, and masterpieces to promote itself. Chanel also earns its reputation through runway and theatrical shows. Such shows have stunning settings and elaborate backdrops. Such runway shows are highly acclaimed and anticipated (Riot, 2013). The brand also promotes itself by telling its story to the audience on television screens and wide screens. Movies like Coco Before Chanel by Audrey Tautou and Inside Chanel helps the customers to gain knowledge about the brand. They get to know the story behind the brand. The struggle of Coco from an orphan to one of the most influential personalities encourages women. Moreover, documentaries like Lagerfeld Confidential are also helpful in branding (CHANEL, 2016). Coco Chanel promotes its products through celebrity endorsement. It has roped in celebrities like Audrey Tautou and Marilyn Monroe. Stars like Candace Bergen, Bradd Pitt, Catherine Deneuve, and Nicole Kidman have become manifestations of the ethos that the brand perpetuates. Besides television shows, the luxury brand also uses fashion and art shows like the Metier dart to create awareness. The show pays tribute to the suppliers of Chanel for their excellent craftsmanship (Riot, 2013). Chanel utilizes iconography for branding. It creates an attractive image which signifies its heritage. The logo which is an interlocking double C is the brands icon. The use of monochromatic black, camellia flower and quilted leather strengthens the identity of the brand. The brand image is so widely known throughout the world that one would find it in anything and everything. The image is such that it transcends the identity of the label. The aesthetic iconography of Chanel has been incorporated by fans into their lives- from parties and interior decoration to cupcakes and clothes (CHANEL, 2016). Conclusion It is thus very much evident that Coco Chanel is a widely acclaimed and renowned global brand. It has all the features such as brand image, icon, celebrity endorsement, website, among other features which make it a global brand. The brand organizes various fashion shows, programs, and advertises through television and widescreen to endorse itself. The history of Coco Chanel and the women herself is inspiration for thousands of women in the fashion industry. The brand has an identity of its own and women seeking to use the brands products identify themselves with the label. The symbol itself is that of an elite class. Using the brand enables women to differentiate themselves from the crowd. It is a signature of elitism and wealth. Not only that, it symbolizes freedom and emancipation of women. Coco Chanel is the name who broke societal norms in the early twentieth century and paved the way for the modern high society women. References CHANEL Official Website: Fashion, Fragrance, Beauty, Watches, Fine Jewelry. (2016).CHANEL. Retrieved 16 September 2016, from https://www.chanel.com/en_US/ De Mooij, M. (2013).Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. Sage Publications. Kapferer, J. N. (2015).Kapferer on luxury: How luxury brands can grow yet remain rare. Kogan Page Publishers. Nebenzahl, I. D., Jaffe, E. D. (2013). Measuring the joint effect of brand and country image in consumer evaluation of global products. Journal of Marketing Practice: Applied Marketing Science. Okonkwo, U. (2016).Luxury fashion branding: trends, tactics, techniques. Springer. Pinkhasov, M., Nair, R. J. (2014). A dilemma across time and culture. InReal Luxury(pp. 4-27). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Riot, E. (2013). Woman in love, artist or entrepreneur? The edifying, mystifying life of Coco Chanel. Society and Business Review, 8(3), 281-313. Som, A., Blanckaert, C. (2015).The Road To Luxury: The Evolution, Markets and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management. John Wiley Sons. Steenkamp, J. B. (2014). How global brands create firm value: the 4V model. International Marketing Review, 31(1), 5-29. Wiedmann, K. P., Hennigs, N. (2013). Luxury marketing.A challenge for theory and.

The character traits of macbeth Essay Example For Students

The character traits of macbeth Essay The Character Traits of MacbethWilliam Shakespeares play Macbeth shows us that cheating will not get you were you want to go. Macbeth was written in the 16th century England during the Elizabethan period, because of this the story has a complex plot and many themes that the people in the Elizabethan period would enjoy. The character Macbeth has many traits that Shakespeare used to develop Macbeth throughout the play and even how the character Macbeth advances the theme of the play. Macbeth is put together with many character traits. He is a very complex character. In the beginning Macbeth was brave and loyal. He won the battle of Norway and became the Thane of Cawdor. For brave Macbeth disdainding fortune with his brandished steel which smoked with bloody execution( ACT1 SC2 LNS18-20). Macbeth is also a gullible man, when he runs into the witches he believes them when they say, all hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter(act1 sn2 line 50) . He is so gullible to what these witches said that he killed his best friend Banquo and nearly kills Banquos son. Macbeth also was convinced by his wife to kill Duncan. We will write a custom essay on The character traits of macbeth specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Macbeth conscious becomes guilty after he kills Duncan when he said, will all great neptunes ocean wash this blood clean from my hand?(act2 sn2 lines 79-80). He is thinking that nothing can take back the murders he had committed. Throughout the play Shakespeare developed Macbeth into a cold and depressed man. In the beginning Shakespeare developed Macbeth into a brave and loyal man. After the witches tell him of the prophecies Macbeth was convinced by his wife to kill Duncan. After this Macbeth starts to lose it by going crazy by seeing 3 apparitions then a row of kings(p125 sn1 lines 77-140). Shakespeare has turned the character of Macbeth totally around. Toward the end of the play when Macbeth starts to get things together he learns that he is going to be invaded by Malcolm, Donnalban, and Macduff. His wife also commits suicide. After hearing this he starts to treat his servants cold heartedly and then said She should have died hereafter. There would have been a time for such a word. Tomorrow and tomorrow and to morrow creeps in this petty pace from day to day to the last syllable of recorded time, and all our yesterdays have lighted fools the way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!(p177 Lines 20-30)which means that he thinks life is pointless. The theme chosen for the play is the will for power. Macbeths will before he started his murders earned him the title Thane of Cawdor. After the witches told him about the prophecies, Macbeth started his rampage by killing Duncan and framing the guards. This made him king with all the power he wanted. The risk of him losing power made him kill Banquo because of the witches prophecy and then killed Macduffs family in a conflict with Macduff of the possibility of him losing his power. In the end of the play Macduff and Macbeth fight and Macbeth dies. This shows that Macbeth would rather die than be without power. As mentioned before the character Macbeth has many traits that Shakespeare uses to develop Macbeth throughout the play and even how the character Macbeth advances the theme of the play. With out Macbeths complex traits and personality this play would not have been as sound as it is today. The moral of Macbeth is whenever you want something bad enough to do many harsh things in getting there, that those harsh things you did will eventually catch up to you.

Concentration camp essays

Concentration camp essays The article that this paper will be based and discussed upon is titled Berthes prison diary, written by Hanna Diamond. Berthes prison diary can be found in the August 1999 issue of History Today, volume 49, pages 43-49. During World War II, it was known that many people suffered. People suffered from the casualties of war, suffered because of their class, but especially because of their race. The group to suffer the most were the Jewish. Over 6 million were killed because of no crime but because of their race. Berthes prison diary is about a woman named Berthe A. and her experience in the French prisons for collaborators. Besides Berthes personal experience in prison, through her diary, we also get accounts on how the other people were treated. France gets invaded on May 10, 1940 by the Nazis. On June 22, 1940, France signs treay of peace with the Nazis. Paris is liberated on August 25, 1944. The setting begins in the August of 1944 in Toulouse, France. It was a time of despair and confusion. France was in a chaos. People were hungry and were left in poor conditions. The Germans had finally left Toulouse after their defeat. Joy came at first to the French when the Liberation finally came, yet it soon turned to hatred and vengeance. There was hatred to those that had helped the Germans succeed and also for those that allied with the Germans. These people were labeled collaborators. Even men and women that were seen with Germans were hated. They were tracked down and even arrested. Some were Berthe A. was the director of laboratory research in the Faculty of Science at the University of Toulouse. On the twenty-second of August in 1944, at about three oclock (according to Berthe), someone knocked on her door and soon enough Berthe was arrested. Of those that were arrested, many did not know ...

Criticism on the Metamorphosis and analyze on Metamorphosis - Kafka Research Proposal

Criticism on the Metamorphosis and analyze on Metamorphosis - Kafka - Research Proposal Example Yet, Kafka’s message is deeper. He seems not to desire Gregor’s salvation from death, but his death from the society should serve as salvation. Gregor’s condition may seem similar to the condition of those dying from mortal diseases. The very beginning of the story indicates to such a point of view. â€Å"One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible vermin†. It is easy to imagine a person who once learns an awful diagnosis of his and informs his family of it. As he wakes up in the morning he finds out that his family’s attitude to him has changed entirely. Now Gregor is not able to earn his old parents and small sister’s living, and this is the only question which really troubles him. However, his family is frightened and feels disgust. His parents do not even want to hear of him or see him. Only his younger sister, whose head is full of romantic images, â€Å"sacrifices† herself caring of her sick brother. However, Grete stops perceiving her elder brother as a human being. She is squeamish about touching his personal thi ngs and hurries to the window to open it and air the room, as if it is filled with poison. Grete avoids looking at her brother and doesn’t address him. Gregor’s mother faints at Gregor’s sight. Gregor’s father feels such disgust that even injures his son â€Å"protecting† himself from the sick. Mr. Samsa doesn’t allow Gregor to leave the room. The whole family perceives Gregor’s condition as shame. At first the family tries not to treat Gregor as an enemy, while â€Å"family duty required the suppression of disgust and the exercise of patience, nothing but patience†. However, after the three gentlemen deny paying rent on the pretence of having shared the apartment with such a monster, even Grete bursts out, exclaiming – â€Å"We must try to get rid of it!†, – and Mrs. Samsa entirely

Medication administration via enternal tubes, a survey of nurses Essay

Medication administration via enternal tubes, a survey of nurses practices - Essay Example The report was authore by Nicole Margaret who is a PhD holder, a lecturer and administrator at Deakin University, and Ruth Endacott, a professor at Monash University. This paper seeks to analyze the nursing research article. The paper will look into benefits of ‘evidence-based’ practice in the scope of nursing profession and then review the research article. Why evidence based practice is important in nursing Evidence based practice is important to all stakeholders in the scope of nursing. Patients are one of the categories of stakeholders that enjoy the benefits of ‘evidence-based’ practice. As beneficiaries of healthcare and with the precision in diagnosis, prescriptions and recommendations that are prompted by ‘evidence-based’ practice, the patients stands to benefit from higher quality healthcare services (Polit and Beck 1. P. 34- 36). Evidence based practice also enhances patients’ confidence in the offered services based on the beli ef that the personnel are competent and would only use the practice for a good cause. Development of ‘evidence-based’ practice has also induced higher level of proficiency among nurses by keeping them informed. In order to apply the practice that is research based, the personnel have to conduct a literature review over each subject matter, a step that keeps the nurses informed of the skills and knowledge in the profession. The nurses therefore benefits from improved capacity in knowledge and skills in the profession. Healthcare organizations, operating in a competitive market in which customers are quality oriented also benefits from ‘evidence-based’ practice. The level of precision in approach to healthcare based on the practice and the associated quality makes an organization that applies evidence base practice more competitive than those that do not use the practice. Development of the practice therefore helps health organizations to be more credible com pared to their competitions. The community on the other hand benefits from better services for a healthy society (Courtney and McCutcheon, 2009, p. 5). Evidence based practice is also generally important to stakeholders in the nursing scope due to its effects of improved quality services in practice. By forming grounds for informed â€Å"decisions and actions,† evidence based practice ensures competence in administration of healthcare. It means application of most appropriate approaches to solving precisely identified problems. This has been associated with practices that â€Å"are appropriate, cost effective, and result in positive outcomes for clients† (Polit and Beck, 2008, p. 4; Houser, 2012, n.p.). Similarly, Holland and Rees applauds ‘evidence-based’ practice for effectiveness in service delivery within the nursing profession. Evidence based practice is therefore important to all stakeholders in the nursing profession. Its underlying advantage is the induced precision, efficiency and effectiveness that is associated with better utility (Holland and Rees, 2010, p. 7). The research problem as it relates to the chosen article The research problem is to investigate the article within the scope of a quantitative research approach. Features of qualitative research and analysis of the extent of application of the features in the article therefore form the basis for evaluation of the relationship between the research proble

Supply Chain Management of Mirinda

Supply Chain Management of Mirinda Pepsi was founded in 1898 by Caleb Bradham, a new Bern North Carolina, druggist who first formulated Pepsi-Cola. Today Pepsi has expanded at a large scale and has a portfolio of beverage brands that includes carbonated soft drinks, juices and juiced drinks, Ready-to-drink teas and coffees, isotonic drinks, bottled water and enhanced water. PepsiCo has well known beverages such as Mountain Dew, Diet Pepsi, Tropicana Pure Premium, Aquafina, Tropicana Juice Drinks, Tropicana Twister , MIRINDA and much more. PepsiCola markets Frapoccuino ready-to-drink coffee through a partnership with Starbucks. PEPSI CO PRODUCT: the product we are taking for the project of supply chain management is MIRINDA. RIAZ BOTTLERS: Riaz Bottlers (PVT) Limited (RBL) incorporated in Pakistan as a private limited company in 1976. RBL is the franchise holder of Pepsi Cola International with seven brands. Like PEPSI, PEPSI MAX, 7UP, MIRINDA and MOUNTAIN DEW etc. They have recently launched Aquafina and are in process of moving towards some other products. RBL today is one of the best National Companies in Pakistan. At RBL, they believe that Our existence and success is more than just meeting our business objectives and we are proud of the success that the company has achieved. Together our people provide the skills, knowledge and expertise to deliver the quality of service that our customers expect and upon which our reputation depends. RIAZ BOTTLERS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: RBLs primary functions are to demeanor a methodical manufacturing and supply of the product without any tactical and strategic flaws. Backed by a powerful competitive strategy and empowered by some effective supply chain strategies, the group has been managing an effective supply chain through out the region. It has set up a urbane manufacturing and storage plant in Lahore with production units and huge production capacity. RBL has different management departments dealing with specialized Marketing, HR, IT and Supply Chain Processes. In this report we conducted the process of the basic supply chain management functions of RBL for MIRINDA by Pepsi co. COMPREHENSION OF MIRINDA SUPPLY CHAIN: The goal of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated. The value of a supply chain generates is the difference between what the final product is worth to the customer and the costs the supply chain incurs in filling the customers request. (Chopra, Meindl 2006) DECISION PHASES IN SUPPLY CHAIN OF MIRINDA SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN OF MIRINDA: A proper decision regarding how to structure the supply chain over next upcoming years have been made and the short term aswell as the longterm decisions have been made by the company in regards to location and capacities of production and warehousing facilities, the products to be manufactured or stored at various locations, the modes of transportation to be made, information systems and so on. Their supply chain design is very expensive to alter on short notice and supports the companys strategic objectives. In order to ensure a good supply chain strategy, Riaz Bottlers plans one to two years in advance. It has several contracts with manufacturers, and receives raw material on a convenient basis. The company also decides where production plants are to be placed. RBL has production plants at Lahore. The production process is 80% automated. The company has to provide and manage transport for the delivery of products as well as the arrangement of third party services for the procurement of products. The shipping department handles orders and the transport department decides the vehicles for safe delivery. Material planning and sourcing is carried out as well. Sources of supply of raw material both local and foreign are identified and terms and conditions are negotiated. Capacity planning is also done at this stage. Sales forecasting and production planning depends upon the capacity of the organization with respect to: Production. Storage: Raw and packing. Storage: Finished goods. Riaz bottlers Lahore has a procurement budget of nearly Rs 10 billion. Approved suppliers cannot go beyond this budget. The supplier is audited by the most cost efficient quality control department. Distributors are also decided by the company, keeping in mind past performances. The company has  increased its distribution capacity from one to ten filling lines during the last few years lending it  a competitive edge over Coca Cola. SUPPLY CHAIN PLANNING OF MIRINDA: After RBL set the design of their supply chain they do the planning which increases their surplus in supply chain and thats their goal too. The planning launches and make them set their constraints over some span of time according to the demand of Mirinda. Pepsi co carries out sales forecasting for local demand as well as for export purposes to countries such as Afghanistan etc for Mirinda. The annual sales target is conveyed to the supply chain department of RBL. Planning is carried out on a monthly, weekly and daily basis for order planning allocation , warehousing ,production scheduling inventory planning and optimization. at RBL. SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATION OF MIRINDA: In RBL , the production , sales and supply chain departments get united to decide the inventory on weekly basis. There is always less uncertainty about the demand . the operation process includes customer orders in the best possible manner. During this RBL , allocate inventory or production to individual orders, set a date (which is always according to the will of customers and they dont get disappointed) that an order is to be filled, generate a proper pick lists at a warehouse in gulberg , allocate to shipping, set delivery and so on. PROCESS VIEWS OF MIRINDA SUPPLY CHAIN The processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of cycles each performed at the interface between two successive stages of a supply chain. CYCLE VIEW OF SUPPLY CHAIN: Supplier / manufacturers: The suppliers to Pepsi Co are franchise operative (RBL) as well as company operative (LAYS chips) system and are located in eight cities of Pakistan. The cities are Lahore, Islamabad, Karachi, Peshawar, Hyderabad, Sukkhar, Gujranwala and Faisalabad. PepsiCo has its Plant , Factory ,Workshop and Warehouse at the same place in Lahore . the Address is : Guru Mangat Road, Gulberg Lahore Distributors: They are located throughout the country; every city has its distributors. The distribution done on direct and indirect ways that would be discussed in the distribution section of the report. Retailers : retailers outlets are all sort of shopkeepers, malls , hotels etc to whom the distributors provide the stock via transportation i.e. trucks etc which carries distribution from point to point in different allocative routes. Customers: Its customers are all sort of target markets from social class A to C and range within all demographical and pyschographical parameters. PUSH AND PULL VIEW OF MIRINDA SUPPLY CHAIN: The push process implementation is commenced in anticipation to a customer order. MIRINDA has a seasonal demand. Just in time concept is pertinent in non-seasonal period and not pertinent in seasonal period. All processes that are part of the procurement cycle, manufacturing cycle, replenishment cycle, and customer order cycle are push processes. MIRINDA Sales order and processing: The Shipping Manager receives sales order from Sales Team, distributors through telephone, fax email one day before dispatch. The sales are made to base distributors on advance payment against orders then shipping manager plans according to the demand of distributors on daily basis. COMPETITIVE AND SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES: There are three major sustainable advantages that give PepsiCo a competitive edge as they  operate in the global marketplace: Big, muscular brands. Proven ability to innovate and create differentiated products. Powerful go-to-market systems. PepsiCos ( Mirinda) overall mission is to increase the value of shareholders investment. They do this through sales growth, cost controls and wise investment of resources. They believe their commercial success depends upon offering quality and value to their consumers and customers; providing products that are safe, wholesome, economically efficient and environmentally sound; and providing a fair return to their investors while adhering to the highest standards of integrity. A customer while purchasing a bottle of Mirinda will consider product quality, price and availability of the product. Thus, Mirinda in Pakistan particularly focuses its competitive strategy as to producing sufficient variety, reasonable prices, and the availability of the product. SUPPLY CHAIN STRATEGIES STEP ONE: THE CUSTOMER AND SUPPLY CHAIN UNCERTAINTY. Identifying customer needs: RBL needs to understand the customer needs for each targeted segment and the uncertainty the supply chain faces in satisfying these needs. As RBL deals with beverages, which are a fast moving consumer good, it knows the requirements of consumers. Mirinda is considered as a drink which is refreshing during summer, and taken regularly during winter, with demand hiking around festivals such as Eid and occasions such as weddings. RBL caters to both cities and rural areas. It understands the needs of both. As demand for beverages is seasonal, the quantity of product needed for each lot is taken care of with past demand in mind. Consumers generally require a small response time, high service level, reasonable price and some variety (for example mirinda has apple flavor too now). Demand uncertainty and implied demand uncertainty: Demand for Mirinda varies by product. For example there is a greater demand for Mirinda as compared to Mirinda Apple, which is sort of new. Hence, Mirinda has a low demand uncertainty as compared to Mirinda Apple. The product Mirinda is approaching its maturity stage in the PLC whereas Mirinda Apple is in the introductory stage. Mirindas implied demand uncertainty varies with the product type as well as the customer needs. Due to decreased lead time (the customer may purchase its competitors product if Mirinda is not available at that time such as Fanta, Gourmet cola, Amrat cola ), need for greater variety and higher level of service, implied demand uncertainty increases. This is true for cities where unmet demand by Mirinda is met by Coca Cola Company, Gourmet Cola and other such competitors. Supply uncertainty is also affected by new products. New products have higher supply uncertainty. Uncertainty for the capability of the supply chain: After determining the demand uncertainty it takes a look at the uncertainty resulting from the supply chain. Mirinda is not a new product and its market is going towards maturation. The company does not have many difficulties in delivering a product and has a fixed delivery schedule (on daily basis). Mirinda hence has a predictable supply and somewhat uncertain demand depending on market conditions. STEP TWO: UNDERSTANDING THE SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITIES: The efficiency and responsiveness varies according to the consumer needs, implied demand uncertainty, product type and market segments. In remote areas Pepsi Co ( Mirinda) focuses on being somewhat efficient as other modes of transportation could turn the product to be highly expensive. According to the company it does not deal with distributors who do not have 20 to 25 vehicles, therefore as the company has focus on cost reduction, uses slow and inexpensive modes of transportation, the demand is certain, and uses economies of scale in production, the product Mirinda is more inclined towards being somewhat efficient. In cities, the company focuses its attention on being highly responsive as Mirinda has to meet short lead time, meet a high service level, handle a large variety of products and respond to wide ranges of quantity demanded especially at the retail stage. Highly efficient somewhat efficient somewhat responsive highly responsive In towns MIRINDA In cities STEP 3: ACHIEVING THE STRATEGIC FIT: The Mirinda supply chain assign different roles to its different stages, the company has to decide either to transfer the responsiveness to the manufacture stage or to the retailer stage as making one stage more responsive allows the other stage to focus on being more efficient. While discussing the Mirindas supply capability it is seen that Mirinda tends to be more responsive in the cities and a bit less in towns. Therefore, transferring the responsiveness to the retailer and distributor, allowing them to face the higher implied demand uncertainty. This in return allows the manufacturer and supplier to be more efficient. At the same time, multiple beverage types contribute to a broader product portfolio causing RBL to adjust its strategies accordingly; tailoring the supply chain to best meet the needs of each beverage demand. SUPPLY CHAIN DRIVERS AND METRICS: Bonding drivers with Product Life Cycle (PLC) Supply chain strategy: Mirinda mainly follows a combined cost effective responsive supply chain strategy in lahore. The intensive supply of the product is being ensured throughout the city market with the help of RBL distributors. Mirinda has been able to reach out to all market segments without any delays because of its business maturity and  comparative business strength. It has the normal beverages sales volumes as compared to any  other cities. Although there is an overwhelming stability in the product market yet there are some remote areas where there are conditions for a possible stock out due to their remoteness. For addressing this risk Mirinda has financed different whole sellers in those areas to respond immediately. Mirinda in Lahore and in most parts of Pakistan can be rightly placed into the category of an ever growing mature business. Responsiveness: In case of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) that target a huge segment of market, responsiveness is a deciding factor for the organizational success. In a typical Pakistani market, quick response enables supply chains to meet the customer demands for evershorter lead times, and to synchronize the supply to meet the peaks and troughs of demand. Mirindas supply chain has been able to reinforce a greater response to the uncertain and unpredictable market behavior only because it has multisided processing facilities and corresponds to a systematic production network with both dedicated and multi-product facilities. The major focus is to determine the processes that are to be integrated in the supply chain  network with their corresponding suppliers, distribution centers and the associated transport links  between them. The major considerations in the design are the supply chain responsiveness and  profitability. Framework for Structuring Drivers: The framework is based on a motive to create strategic fit between the competitive and supplychain strategy. Mirinda Competitive strategy stands to provide a large variety of products very  quickly; simultaneously the supply chain strategy stands to materialize the availability of that  variety of products. Mirinda mainly follows a responsive supply chain strategy. Alignment of mirindas business strategy to a corresponding supply chain strategy is achieved through proper deployment of supply chain drivers. Mirinda has to deal with different set of market segments  simultaneously. Most of the time the approach needs to be responsive enough to grow substantially to be able to compete with uncertain demand, while in many areas demand is certain and very much predictable, so there it incorporates an efficient supply chain strategy. THE FACILITY DRIVER ROLE, LOCATION AND CAPACITY: In RBL the Mirinda is stored, assembled and fabricated at gulberg Lahore..Mirinda has established a flexible and a product-focused production facility in order to respond effectively to the variability in demand.The storage facilities are designed in order to provide maximum possible capacity for the inventory. It has franchising holding bottling operations. OVERALL TRADE OFF ( RESPONSIVE): In order to ensure the responsive strategy implementation, the role of facilities is of prime importance in the supply chain of RBL The large amount of excess capacity allows the facility to be very flexible and to respond to wide surges in demands placed on it. In alignment with the responsive supply chain strategy the facilities have been geographically located close to the market. THE INVENTORY DRIVER ROLE , LOCATION AND SEASONAL INVENTORY: RBL has established a comprehensive plan to ensure the sufficient inventory levels to keep up with the market demand effectively. The inventory type is seasonal .For this purpose the main inventory storage has been established within the main plant area maneet road gulberg Lahore inside RBL. It has the storage capacity of 200,000 Sq Ft and the area is being utilized both horizontally and vertically. The shipping department is in charge for storage and subsequent displacement of the product orders. The  inventory capacity is being utilized and maintained in coordination with the production department and is based on the term production estimates. OVERALL TRADE OFF (RESPONSIVE): Increasing inventory makes the supply more responsive to the customers. At RBL, managers bear a high inventory cost to ensure maximum levels of inventory and to reduce the production and transportation costs. THE TRANSPORTATION DRIVER DESIGN AND CHOICE OF TRANSPORTATION MODE: PTN is providing transport to PEPSI CO( mirinda) in the form of big large trucks.Faster transportation of the products allows RBL to maintain sufficient levels of stock on the shelves.RBLs transportation network is the collection of routes, modes and locations along which the product can be shipped. With the help of distributors the product is being supplied to the market. There are multiple supply and demand points within the city which cater to the market demand. RBL decides and selects different modes of transportation having different characteristics with respect to the speed and size of shipment. OVERALL TRADE OFF ( RESPONSIVE): The transportation network has been designed with a view to ensure responsiveness and boost the availability of the product. For RBL using fast mode of transport increases responsiveness as well as the transportation cost but lowers the inventory holding cost. Transportation driver has a large impact on the responsiveness of the business. THE INFORMATION DRIVER COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION DECISIONS: Connects all the supply chain stages effectively allowing them to coordinate and maximize total supply chain profitability. It is also crucial to the daily operations of each stage in the supply chain. The unit manager utilizes the production scheduling system that is based on information on demand to create a schedule that allows RBL to produce the right amount of product. The warehouse in charge uses this information to create visibility of the warehouses inventory items. They dont have any enabling technologies such as EDI, ERP and RFID OVERALL TRASE OFF (RESPONSIVE): Information sharing helps these firms improve its responsiveness within the market. It helps to accurately forecast demand and realize frequency of updates, measurements of the effects of seasonal factors influencing the production, measurements of variances from the plan and the ratio of demand variability to order variability. Timely and accurate information  enables the distribution managers to fix potential stock out or oversupply problems. THE PRICING DRIVER FIXED PRICING VERSUS MENU PRICING: Mirinda keeps its pricing strategy with the comparison of its competitors for example FANTA. And the demand is seasonal so during the season on period the pricing is done on the fixed basis i.e. summers. And during winters which is the off season period the pricing is done on menu basis for example Rs 2 to Rs 5 ruppees off per 1.5 litre bottle etc. THE SOURCING DRIVER: OUTSOURCED, SUPPLIER SELECTION AND PROCUREMENT: Pepsico has outsourced decisions in its supply chain as RBL is an outsourced company for it. They think that it was best to outsource Mirinda and other beverages aswell because the growth in total supply chain is significant with little additional risk. The responsive components are outsourced such as the PTN aswell which provides transportation to Pepsico ( Mirinda). It has number of suppliers within Lahore and all districts of the country. Both procurement in direct aswell as indirect ways are doneand they have a good coordination between its suppliers and buyers. DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF MIRINDA Direct distribution: Delivery of post mix cylinders handling of key accounts: The key accounts are  different wholesalers, restaurants and hotels like Pizza Hut, KFC, Metro which  serve as a place for key sale. These are known as national key accounts and are very  important in terms of competition. Export Parties. Indirect distribution: Through Base market distributors Through Outstation distributors Before delivering the product some certain guiding principles are followed for the assessment of  distributors capability by RBL. Applicant must have 30 to 40 vehicles (depending on the area). Applicant must have 40,000 cases of empty bottles. Applicant must deposit Rs.5, 000,000 as a security. RBL uses light and heavy vehicles for safe delivery of goods to the distributors for timely  delivery. It follows the just in time concept which is applicable in Non-seasonal period and not  applicable in the seasonal period. REVIEW AND REVISE DISTRIBUTION: This is usually done through taking over key revenue areas. If the distributor does not achieve its  sales target, the distribution is taken back and an addition of new distributor is done. Therefore  MIRINDAS supply is low supply uncertainty. Some of its supply source capabilities are: Less breakdowns High quality Flexible supply capacity Mature production process FACTORES INFLUENCING DISTRIBUTION NETWORK DESIGN: At the highest level, performance of a distribution network should be evaluated along two  dimensions: 1. Customer needs that are met 2. Cost of meeting customer needs While customer service consists of many components we will consider those measures that are influenced by the structure of the distribution network for Mirinda . Response Time: For Mirinda is minimal as the direct customers for it are the retailers and then  the consumers. So with over 30 to 40 delivery trucks in Lahore , it is readily available to every  retailer within 30 minutes or an hour max . Lahore has 12 warehouses from where the supply to the market is done through trucks provided by PTN. Product Variety: They have made their place in the market with their unique product line ranging from Mirinda to Mirinda Apple with refreshing taste and great quality. Customers Desire: customer desire more for mirinda instead of apple mirinda .Recently, the sales for 250 ml bottles has increased and 1.5 litre bottle decreased but they are trying to increase it as it gives the company higher profits. Availability: The product is always available in stock whenever an order arrives. Whenever the distributors feel that after one loading there could be a stock out they place an order to RBL in advance just to keep the floor with enough stock in hand. The Distributors have 3 days stock as back up with them in order of any malfunctioning of the plant or other such external factors. Customer Experience For Mirinda has always been positive as they receive the product with ease and on time. The retailers are the direct customers as they place an order to the distributors. There has never been a shortage or a delay for mirinda in Metro or Pizza Hut which are the key accounts for the company. Order Visibility They are not really an electronic phenomenon where you can track your order  through computer. It is more of person-to-person contact and one can easily track down their  orders through the designated staff in each sector of Lahore or for that sake all over Pakistan. Returnability: Pepsi Co ( mirinda) has always been very strong in a sense that unsatisfactory items can be  returned and changed on the spot. This is true for both the consumers and the retailers. They have laid down a system through which they can effectively manage this requirement. The retailers are told to take down the  comments and the address or phone numbers from the person who is returning the bottle. It seems at first that a customer always wants the highest level of performance along all these dimensions, in practice however this is not always the case. DESIGN OPTION FOR DISTRIBUTION NETWORK:: Distributor Storage with Carrier Delivery: In Pepsi Co ( mirinda) inventory is not held by the manufacturers at the factories but is held by distributors/retailers in intermediate warehouses and package carriers are used to transport the products from  the intermediate location to the final customer. This requires distributor storage to keep high  levels of inventory because distributor/retailer aggregates demand uncertainty to a lower level  than the manufacturer. Transportation costs for Pepsi are somewhat lower because an economic mode of transportation (e.g. truckload) can be employed for inbound shipments to the warehouse, which is closer to the customer. Facility cost is high because of a loss of aggregation and often end up with higher processing costs. The information structure needed is not that complex. The distribution warehouse serves as a buffer between manufacturer and customer. Real time visibility between customers and warehouse is needed whereas as visibility between customer and manufacturer is not required. Response time is also reduced. Customer convenience is high and order visibility with manufacturer storage becomes easier. Distributor  storage is well suited for medium to fast moving goods and it can also handle higher level of  variety than retail stores VALUE OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: There are basically two components of distribution: Storage Distribution The storage facilities of RBL are designed in order to boost the timely availability of the product. For this purpose the distributors are fully equipped with facilities that are needed to ensure intensive supply of the product. The storage facilities are designed to contain the maximum possible inventory items that are needed at any given time. RBL has established several storage units nearer to the market in order to boost  availability. Transportation conducts inventory movement from point to point in supply chain of RBL. It incorporates a combination of modes and routes at different stages. Transportation choices have a large impact on the responsiveness strategy of the business. RBL has several contracts with several distributors with multiple transport facility that ensure the maximum possible transport of inventory within a short period of time. The distribution does not work between specific supply chain components but it performs a basic function of  integration amongst all supply chain components. The Pepsi Co distribution system linked the entire supply chain for all product categories. The distribution centers and its information network play a key role in that regard. The major object is to carefully track sales of items and offer short replenishment cycle times. The distributors offer stored deliveries too many retail  outlets in the twin cities. Different products are being delivered conveniently on pre-orders. The distribution system is flexible enough to alter delivery schedule depending on customer demand. The Territory Distributor Managers maintain a contact with the retailers in order to book and  place the orders. Whenever a store places an order it is immediately transmitted to the supplier  through the distribution manager. Now RBL receives orders from all distribution centers and the shipment department delivers the orders. At the distribution centre, products from the manufacturer are delivered into different trucks and each truck makes deliveries to multiple retail stores. The number of stores depends  upon the sales volume. The system works on trust and does not require the delivery person to be  present when store personnel scan the delivery. This reduces the delivery time at each store. Each truck has a capacity of 1572 cans.The distribution department is in direct contact with the manufacturers and keeps updating inventory levels. They keep in stock spare three days stock to combat external uncertainty. The distribution department is responsible for all the variety of the products in their portfolio. PepsiCos overall distribution network spreads throughout Pakistan connecting the remotest of places and providing great customer service. Globalization has increased the competition that the company for its products like mirinda is constantly coming up with new projects, campaigns and distribution. RECOMMENDATIONS: RBL doesnt have proper enabling technologies such as EDI , ERP , RFID and EDD . they should be having that for the better performance of its supply chain activities. These engagements would   Identify specific opportunities to improve operational performance and reduce costs within your manufacturing, assembly, supply chain, and customer support processes Define specific process changes and the auto-id technology required to streamline each process step Address the business, manufacturing, logistics, information technology, and financial implications of RFID including starting points and scale-up plans When integrated with enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, demand planning applications can help: Compare calculated forecasts to actual results over time for trend analysis. Focus on hot spots to prepare for whats coming into high demand. Share forecast information securely via the Web through role-based portals. Reduce operating costs. Streamline production. The end result: lower inventory costs, fewer stock outages, faster time to market, and happier customers.

Ion Channel Effects Essay -- Medicine Drugs Prozac Pharmacy Essays

Ion Channel Effects The drug Prozac, otherwise known as Fluoxetine, has been believed to cause few side effects in general. Evidence also indicates that fluoxetine has various additional effects on several ion channels within the brain. Fluoxetine has demonstrated exerted effects on a variety of ion channels, the drug inhibited K+ and Na+ currents in lens and corneal epithelium, and the inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on ionic currents (Hahn, 1999). This suggests that since local concentration of fluoxetine may rise in the small extracellular space surrounding neurons, fluoxetine could act as an ion channel inhibitor in the brain. Research done by the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, at the Catholic University of Korea, showed that fluoxetine is a potent inhibitor of voltage activated K+, Ca2+, and Na+ channels in PC12 cells. The inhibition of K+ channels by fluoxetine was concentration dependent but was not voltage dependent (Hahn, 1999). The inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on K+ currents were not abolished by inhibitors of protein kinases (H7, staurosporine, Rp cAMPS), indicating that protein kinases and G proteins were not involved in the inhibition of K+ currents by fluoxetine (Hahn, 1999). The study concluded that the overall effects of fluoxetine on neurons will be determined by the expression pattern of individual ion channels in different neurons, and this phenomenon may have pharmacological implications (Hahn, 1999). Norfluoxetine is the most important active metabolite of the antidepressant compound, flouxetine. In a study done by the University Medical School of Debrecen, the effects of fluoxetine and its major metabolite, norfluoxet... ...Glenmullen, Joseph, PhD. Prozac Backlash, 2001 Greens Fortuna Pharmacy, patient information leaflet, (2005) Hahn, J., The effects of Prozac on the Brain, (1999) Kalat, James W., Biological Psychology, 8th ed., (2004) Kobayashi, Toru, Kazuo, Washiyama, Kazutaku, Ikeda, Inhibitin of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels by fluoxetin(Prozac), British Journal of Pharmacology,(2003), 138, 1119-1128. Magyar J, Swentandrassy N, Banyasz T, Kecskemeti V, and Nanasi PP, Department of Physiology, University Medical School of Debrecen, Hungary, (2004) Turking, Carol Ann, and Kaplan, Eliot F.,M.D., Making the Prozac Decision, (1994) Twersky, Ori. FDA Approves Prozac for Treating Severe form of PMS, WebMD, Medical News, (2000) Walker, P.W. Cole, J.O., and Gardner E.A. , Improvement in Fluoxetine-associated dysfunctions, (1993)

Dublin

Curriculum Vitae Personal: Name: Thomas O Hare Date of birth: 6/7/1991 Address: 26 Church field close Mobile: 0861785352 Skerries Home: 01-8491993 Co. Dublin [email  protected] com Education: Third Level: Dublin Institute of Technology, College of Business, Aungier Street, Dublin 2 2010-2014 B. Sc. n Retail and Services Management Core Subjects: Management Information Technology Economics Accounting Marketing Services Retail Management Corporate Finance Logistics Electives: Marketing Communication’s and Geographic Information Systems (year 3) Second Level: Skerries Community College, Skerries, Co.Dublin 2004-2010 Leaving certificate: Maths (P) B3 Irish (P) B2 English (H) C2 French (P) B2 Home Economics (H) C2 Business (H) B3 History (H) B2 Work Experience: August 2010- Present (seasonal work) Aiken Promotions – Stage worker Duties: As a stage worker with Aiken promotions I was heavily involved with the setting up of and the taking down of the concert stage.This involv es wearing safety equipment while working. Most of the work involved a lot of heavy lifting and long hours. We have to report to our manager in the morning to sign in and also sign out at the end of the day. June 2010- September 2010: Customer Service Attendant – Dundrum Town Centre Duties: I worked as a customer service attendant in the car park in Dundrum Town Centre. My duties were to serve customers to the best of my ability. This sometimes involved showing customers around the shopping centre as a lot of people got lost.My main duties were helping customers out in the car park, replacing tickets at the entrances and exits of the car park and being on hand to report any incidents of anti-social behaviour while also doing my utmost to keep the car park clean. On busy days I had to coordinate traffic coming in and out of the town centre. March 2008- June 2008: Child minder – Skerries Creche Duties: My main duties included looking after and ensuring the welfare of chi ldren aged between one and eight years old.I had to organise games and small events for the children. Skills: Computer Literacy: Highly competent in the following packages Microsoft Word Microsoft PowerPoint Internet Microsoft Excel SPSS Email Language: I have a decent understanding of the Irish and French languages as I studied both of them up until I left secondary school.Hobbies and interests: I have a keen interest in rugby and GAA and have won numerous medals most notably a Leinster League division 1A medal and an all-Ireland Round Robin winning medal with Skerries RFC in 2012. I have also won a minor championship medal with Skerries Harps in 2009. I currently play for Skerries RFC Seniors who compete in division 2b of the Ulster Bank All Ireland League. I also enjoy when I have the time to play rugby for my college DIT. I enjoy cooking and learning about all types of food in general in my spare time as I had affection for it when I studied Home Economics in secondary school.I also try to keep up with current affairs as to not fall to far behind with today’s society. I have huge enthusiasm for music and live gigs, in particular electronica and dance music. I have been too many festivals around Ireland and intend to travel to many more around the world. Referees: Mr Kevin O Riordan [email  protected] ie Principal Skerries Community College Mr Bill Dwan Bill. [email  protected] ie Tutor/Geographic information systems lecturer DIT Aungier Street

Macroeconomics The Fiscal Policy - 894 Words

1. Fiscal policy is defined as the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy (Weil, 2008). All government spending influences the economy in some way, but the amount of spending and where that spending is directed will have different types of effects on the health of the economy. The same can also be said for taxation who is taxed and how creates incentives that guide the course of the economy. By contrast, monetary policy is the actions undertaken by a central bank ¦to influence the availability and cost of money and credit to help promote national economic goals (FOMC, 2012). Thus, the objective of monetary policy is to provide the means for economic activity to take place, and guide the level of economic activity in the country, whereas fiscal policy relates to specific spending choices on the part of government. 2. Keynes pointed about that fiscal policy can be used to stabilize an economy. The basic idea is that because government spending contributes to the economy, changing the level of government spending can have an effect on the health of the economy. Hayek argued that government will inherently be less efficient with respect to economic planning and resource distribution. Note that this is not a direct refutation of Keynes, because Keynes does not argue that government is the best at resource allocation, only that government intervention is sometimes beneficial during difficult economic periods. Keynes is, if nothing else, lessShow MoreRelatedMacroeconomic Policy : Monetary And Fiscal Policy1030 Words   |  5 PagesMacroeconomic Policy: Monetary Fiscal Policy Monetary policy is used by the Fed to regulate the supply of money and credit in the economy. The purpose of monetary policy is to promote maximum employment, maintain the price of goods, and to control long-term interest rates to increase economic growth. 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